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How do prototyping practices affect learning, motivation, communication, and outcome in design? To help answer this question, we have developed creative problem-solving tasks, such as an advertisement design task where design creations can be compared through ad campaign performance analytics. As an experimental paradigm, the ad-design task enables independent manipulations of prototyping practices and results in creative and objectively measurable solutions. Our experiments have found that — under tight time constraints — rapid iteration yields better results than a single iteration. Another study found that creating prototypes and receiving feedback on multiple designs in parallel — as opposed to serially — leads to more divergent concepts, more explicit comparison, less investment in a single concept, and better overall design performance. |
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Steven P. Dow, Kate Heddleston, and Scott R. Klemmer. The Efficacy of Prototyping Under Time Constraints. SIGCHI Conference on Creativity and Cognition, 2009. |
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Steven P. Dow, Alana Glassco, Jonathan Kass, Melissa Schwarz, Scott R. Klemmer. The Effect of Parallel Prototyping on Design Performance, Learning, and Self-Efficacy. CSTR-2009-02. |
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Steven Dow (spdow at stanford dot edu) |